Louisiana, Vermont and Washington, D.C., have the most comprehensive laws, according to a News21 analysis. Many states don't cover bias against sexual orientation and gender identity.
SOURCE: News21 analysis of hate-crime laws across the country
Original data from the 2018 Hate in America project.
| State | Coverage count | Original coverage notes |
|---|---|---|
| AL | 6 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Disability • Ethnicity |
| AK | 8 | • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Law Enforcement • Creed, |
| AZ | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex |
| AR | 0 | • State does not have a law that specifically criminalizes a hate or bias-motivated crime. |
| CA | 10 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Ethnicity • Gender Identity |
| CO | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Ancestry |
| CT | 7 | • Religion • Race • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ethnicity • Gender Identity |
| DC | 11 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Gender Identity • Age • Homeless population • Political affiliation |
| DE | 8 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Ancestry • Gender Identity |
| FL | 9 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Ancestry • Ethnicity • Age • Homeless population |
| GA | 0 | • State does not have a law that specifically criminalizes a hate or bias-motivated crime. |
| HI | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Ethnicity • Gender Identity |
| ID | 5 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Ancestry |
| IL | 9 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Creed |
| IN | 0 | • State does not have a law that specifically criminalizes a hate or bias-motivated crime. |
| IA | 10 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Age • Political affiliation |
| KS | 6 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Ethnicity |
| KY | 6 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Law Enforcement |
| LA | 11 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Age • Law Enforcement • Creed |
| ME | 9 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Homeless population |
| MD | 8 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Homeless population |
| MA | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender Identity |
| MI | 5 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Gender/Sex |
| MN | 6 | • Religion • Race • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex |
| MS | 8 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Ethnicity • Law Enforcement |
| MO | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex |
| MT | 5 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Creed |
| NE | 9 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Age |
| NV | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender Identity |
| NH | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Sexual Orientation • Gender/Sex • Law Enforcement • Creed |
| NJ | 9 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ethnicity • Gender Identity |
| NM | 10 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Gender Identity • Age |
| NY | 9 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Age |
| NC | 4 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color |
| ND | 5 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Gender/Sex |
| OH | 4 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color |
| OK | 6 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Disability • Ancestry |
| OR | 5 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability |
| PA | 4 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color |
| RI | 8 | • Religion • Race • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ethnicity • Gender Identity • Homeless population |
| SC | 0 | • State does not have a law that specifically criminalizes a hate or bias-motivated crime. |
| SD | 5 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Ancestry • Ethnicity |
| TN | 8 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry |
| TX | 10 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Age • Law Enforcement |
| UT | 0 | • Although Utah has a law criminalizing hate crimes, it does not name targeted characteristics such as race, religion or sexual orientation. |
| VT | 11 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Gender Identity • Age • Service in Armed Forces |
| VA | 4 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color |
| WA | 8 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Gender/Sex • Ancestry |
| WV | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Gender/Sex • Ancestry • Political affiliation |
| WI | 7 | • Religion • Race • National origin/nationailty • Color • Sexual Orientation • Disability • Ancestry |
| WY | 0 | • State does not have a law that specifically criminalizes a hate or bias-motivated crime. |